The third paper in IRSHDC's UNDRIP discussion paper series addresses the practical implementation of consent-based decision making, and emphasizes the difference between consultation between governments before a decision is made, and a genuine joint decision. It explains three basic models of implementing consent between Crown and Indigenous governments, and notes the increase in proper recognition and implementation of Indigenous jurisdictions. 

The series was drafted by Mary Ellen Turpel-Lafond, Aki-kwe, in collaboration with Indigenous leaders and experts in this area.