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The art of Americanization at the Carlisle Indian School
Image courtesy of University of New Mexico Press

The art of Americanization at the Carlisle Indian School
Xwi7xwa Library, University of British Columbia

2011
Book
Creators
Mauro, Hayes Peter
Description
"Established by an act of Congress in 1879, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in central Pennsylvania was conceived as a paramilitary residential boarding school that would solve the then-pressing 'Indian Question' by forcibly assimilating and Americanizing Native American youth. A major part of this process was the 'before and after' portrait, which displayed the individual in his or her allegedly degenerate state before Americanization, and then again following its conclusion. In this historical study, Mauro analyzes the visual imagery produced at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School as a specific instance of the aesthetics of Americanization at work. His work combines a consideration of cultural contexts and themes specific to the United States of the time and critical theory to flesh out innovative historical readings of the photographic materials."

More Information

ISBN
9780826349200; 082634920X
Statement of Responsibility
Hayes Peter Mauro.
Publication Information
Albuquerque : University of New Mexico Press
Physical Description
178 p., [65] p. of plates : ill., ports. 24 cm.
Contents
Introduction -- Chapter one: the "savage" and antebellum science -- The Indian body as tabula rasa -- The birth of "scientific" knowledge and the "purity" of the Native body -- Science, art, and democracy: phrenology gains a foothold in America -- The Scientific savage: Samuel Morton, measurement, and proving savagery -- Chapter two: producing the Indian: indexing and pathologizing the Native American -- Clark Mills, phrenology, and a national ideal -- Visualizing Indianness: the Smithsonian and ethnographic collecting -- Chapter three: producing Americans: photography and indoctrination at Carlisle -- Photography, race, and the exigencies of representation -- Pratt, Choate, and the politics of photographing Indians -- New arrivals: to the ends of the earth -- Chapter four: photography and indoctrination II: the before-and-after portrait -- Tom Torlino: a photographic Odyssey -- White Buffalo: the body as tourist art -- Chapter five: publicizing the "civilized" savage -- Phrenology, the Boarding School, and the "Red Man" at the White City -- Frances Benjamin Johnston, Hampton, and the Carlisle album -- Photographic Native voice at Carlisle -- Imaging the "manly" Native body -- Conclusion: The Limits of Assimilationist Representation.
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